Energy-Efficient Node Deployment in Heterogeneous Two-Tier Wireless Sensor Networks With Limited Communication Range

We study a heterogeneous two-tier wireless sensor network in which N access points (APs) collect sensing data from densely distributed sensors and then forward the to M fusion centers (FCs). This node deployment problem is modeled as an optimization with total power consumption of its cost function. The necessary conditions optimal AP FC are explored this paper. provide variation Voronoi Diagram cell partition for show that each should be placed between connected geometric center partition. In addition, we propose Lloyd algorithm optimize deployment. Furthermore, when communication range limited APs. Simulation results our proposed algorithms outperform existing clustering methods like Minimum Energy Routing, Agglomerative Clustering, Divisive Particle Swarm Optimization, Relay Node placement Double-tiered Wireless Sensor Networks, Improved Placement, on average.